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YALA is among the oldest and best known National Parks in Sri Lanka. Spanning over 1297 km or 129,700 hectares, it is the largest accumulation of protected areas in the country. The diversity of its ecosystems ranges from moist to dry monsoon forests, semi deciduous forests, thorn forests, grasslands, fresh water, marine wetlands and sandy beaches. Two main rivers known as the Kumbukkan Oya and the Manik Ganga flows though the Park and is the main source of water for fauna and flora alike.

The Yala National Park has over 230 species of resident, migrant and endemic birds and is recognized as one of the world’s best parks to observe leopards. The leopard in Yala is a subspecies of leopard native to Sri Lanka and known as Sri Lanka Leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya). These animals are considered to be endangered.

About 32 species of mammals, many reptiles and lagoon fauna species have been recorded in the Park which is famous as being one of the best places in the island for observing large mammals within one territory.